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Thrush, also known as oropharyngeal candidiasis, is a fungal infection caused by Candida species, particularly Candida albicans. It affects the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat, leading to white patches, redness, and soreness. Thrush is common in infants, people with weakened immune systems, and those using inhaled corticosteroids or antibiotics. Treatment includes antifungal medications.